编译安装LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)环境详解

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LNMP环境安装方式不少种了,这里给各位介绍编译安装LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)配置,有兴趣使用编译安装LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)的朋友可以和小编来看看吧.

说明:php在编译安装时，nginx要想能够调用php提供动态php格式的网页，必须用FastCGI来实现，但 FastCGI只是一个框架，实现FastCGI框架的有PHP-FPM，但对于5.2.x版本的php来说，默认是不支持PHP-FPM的，需要打上php-fpm的补丁，对于5.3.2之前版本的也是需要打补丁的，而且打补丁的过程比较麻烦。好在5.3.3版 本的PHP-FPM被直接做进了源代码包中，在编译安装时只需启用PHP-FPM功能即可。

但如果要使用PHP-FPM的话,还需要提供以下几个功能：

需要提供可以解析xml格式的文档,需要安装libxml2 和libxml2-devel这两个包,好在这两个包在安装完开发环境后这两个包是默认安装过的.

需要安装libevent并且在1.4.12之后的版本,不幸的是rhel5.4版本中这个包是是在1.4.12之前的,需要从新手动编译安装该包.

libiconv 用来提供网络连接方式的功能组件,可以实现更快速的网络访问,这个组件系统上是没有装的,需要手动编译安装.

构建编译环境:

  1. yum-yinstallgccopenssl-develzlib-develpcre-devel
  2. yumgroupinstall"DevelopementTools""DevelopmentLibraries"-yt

首先安装Nginx:

  1. wgethttp://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.14.tar.gz
  2. tarzxvfnginx-1.0.14.tar.gz#
  3. useradd-s/sbin/nologin-Mnginx
  4. cdnginx-1.0.14
  5. ./configure\
  6. --prefix=/usr\
  7. --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx\
  8. --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf\
  9. --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log\
  10. --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log\
  11. --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid\
  12. --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock\
  13. --user=nginx\
  14. --group=nginx\
  15. --with-http_ssl_module\
  16. --with-http_flv_module\
  17. --with-http_stub_status_module\
  18. --with-http_gzip_static_module\
  19. --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/\
  20. --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/\
  21. --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/
  22. make&&makeinstall

创建nginx的启动脚本:

  1. vim/etc/init.d/nginxd
  3. #!/bin/sh
  4. #
  5. #nginx-thisscriptstartsandstopsthenginxdaemon
  6. #
  7. #chkconfig:-8515
  8. #description:NginxisanHTTP(S)server,HTTP(S)reverse\
  9. #proxyandIMAP/POP3proxyserver
  10. #processname:nginx
  11. #config:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  12. #config:/etc/sysconfig/nginx
  13. #pidfile:/var/run/nginx.pid
  15. #Sourcefunctionlibrary.
  16. ./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
  18. #Sourcenetworkingconfiguration.
  19. ./etc/sysconfig/network
  21. #Checkthatnetworkingisup.
  22. ["$NETWORKING"="no"]&&exit0
  24. nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
  25. prog=$(basename$nginx)
  27. NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
  29. [-f/etc/sysconfig/nginx]&&./etc/sysconfig/nginx
  31. lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
  33. make_dirs(){
  34. #makerequireddirectories
  35. user=`nginx-V2>&1|grep"configurearguments:"|sed's/[^*]*--user=\([^]*\).*/\1/g'-`
  36. options=`$nginx-V2>&1|grep'configurearguments:'`
  37. foroptin$options;do
  38. if[`echo$opt|grep'.*-temp-path'`];then
  39. value=`echo$opt|cut-d"="-f2`
  40. if[!-d"$value"];then
  41. #echo"creating"$value
  42. mkdir-p$value&&chown-R$user$value
  43. fi
  44. fi
  45. done
  46. }
  48. start(){
  49. [-x$nginx]||exit5
  50. [-f$NGINX_CONF_FILE]||exit6
  51. make_dirs
  52. echo-n$"Starting$prog:"
  53. daemon$nginx-c$NGINX_CONF_FILE
  54. retval=$?
  55. echo
  56. [$retval-eq0]&&touch$lockfile
  57. return$retval
  58. }
  60. stop(){
  61. echo-n$"Stopping$prog:"
  62. killproc$prog-QUIT
  63. retval=$?
  64. echo
  65. [$retval-eq0]&&rm-f$lockfile
  66. return$retval
  67. }
  69. restart(){
  70. configtest||return$?
  71. stop
  72. sleep1
  73. start
  74. }
  76. reload(){
  77. configtest||return$?
  78. echo-n$"Reloading$prog:"
  79. killproc$nginx-HUP
  80. RETVAL=$?
  81. echo
  82. }
  84. force_reload(){
  85. restart
  86. }
  88. configtest(){
  89. $nginx-t-c$NGINX_CONF_FILE
  90. }
  92. rh_status(){
  93. status$prog
  94. }
  96. rh_status_q(){
  97. rh_status>/dev/null2>&1
  98. }
  100. case"$1"in
  101. start)
  102. rh_status_q&&exit0
  103. $1
  104. ;;
  105. stop)
  106. rh_status_q||exit0
  107. $1
  108. ;;
  109. restart|configtest)
  110. $1
  111. ;;
  112. reload)
  113. rh_status_q||exit7
  114. $1
  115. ;;
  116. force-reload)
  117. force_reload
  118. ;;
  119. status)
  120. rh_status
  121. ;;
  122. condrestart|try-restart)
  123. rh_status_q||exit0
  124. ;;
  125. *)
  126. echo$"Usage:$0{start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"//phpfensi.com
  127. exit2
  128. esac
  129. chmod+x/etc/init.d/nginxd#给予脚本执行权限
  130. chkconfig--addnginxd#加入开机启动选项中
  131. chkconfignginxdon#设置开机自动启动
  132. servicenginxdstart#启动nginx服务

测试访问:nginx

安装MySQL:

下载:

  1. wgethttp://mysql.mirrors.hoobly.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
  2. tarzxvfmysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
  3. cdmysql-5.5.22-linux2.6-i686
  4. /usr/sbin/groupaddmysql#添加mysql用户
  5. /usr/sbin/useradd-gmysqlmysql#添加mysql组

编译:

  1. ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/mysql/--enable-assembler--with-extra-charsets=complex--enable-thread-safe-client--with-big-tables--with-readline--with-ssl--with-embedded-server--enable-local-infile--with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
  2. make&&makeinstall

编译时出现错误:

  1. ../depcomp:line571:exec:g++:notfound
  2. make[1]:***[my_new.o]Error127
  3. make[1]:Leavingdirectory`/root/lnmpsrc/mysql-5.1.62/mysys'
  4. make:***[all-recursive]Error1

在其他安装g++的服务器上查看g++属于哪个包:

  1. [root@vps~]#find/-nameg++
  2. /usr/bin/g++
  3. [root@vps~]#rpm-qf/usr/bin/g++
  4. gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.i686

可以看出g++属于gcc-c++包,安装gcc-c++:[root@vps ~]#yum install gcc-c++ -y

重新编译:

  1. ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/mysql/--enable-assembler--with-extra-charsets=complex--enable-thread-safe-client--with-big-tables--with-readline--with-ssl--with-embedded-server--enable-local-infile--with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
  2. make&&makeinstall

改变/usr/local/mysql目录用户和属组:

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

创建mysql数据库、日志存放目录:

  1. mkdir/mysql/{data,binlog,relaylog}-p
  2. chown-Rmysql.mysql/mysql

以mysql帐号建立数据表:

  1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db--basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/mysql/data--user=mysql

创建mysql配置文件:

  1. vim/mysql/my.cnf
  3. [client]
  5. character-set-server=utf8
  6. port=3306
  7. socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
  9. [mysqld]
  10. character-set-server=utf8
  11. replicate-ignore-db=mysql
  12. replicate-ignore-db=test
  13. replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
  14. user=mysql
  15. port=3306
  16. socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
  17. basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  18. datadir=/mysql/data
  19. log-error=/mysql/mysql_error.log
  20. pid-file=/mysql/mysql.pid
  21. open_files_limit=10240
  22. back_log=600
  23. max_connections=5000
  24. max_connect_errors=6000
  25. table_cache=614
  26. external-locking=FALSE
  27. max_allowed_packet=32M
  28. sort_buffer_size=1M
  29. join_buffer_size=1M
  30. thread_cache_size=300
  31. #thread_concurrency=8
  32. query_cache_size=512M
  33. query_cache_limit=2M
  34. query_cache_min_res_unit=2k
  35. default-storage-engine=MyISAM
  36. thread_stack=192K
  37. transaction_isolation=READ-COMMITTED
  38. tmp_table_size=246M
  39. max_heap_table_size=246M
  40. long_query_time=3
  41. log-slave-updates
  42. log-bin=/mysql/data/binlog
  43. binlog_cache_size=4M
  44. binlog_format=MIXED
  45. max_binlog_cache_size=8M
  46. max_binlog_size=1G
  47. relay-log-index=/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
  48. relay-log-info-file=/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
  49. relay-log=/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
  50. expire_logs_days=30
  51. key_buffer_size=256M
  52. read_buffer_size=1M
  53. read_rnd_buffer_size=16M
  54. bulk_insert_buffer_size=64M
  55. myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
  56. myisam_max_sort_file_size=10G
  57. myisam_repair_threads=1
  58. myisam_recover
  60. interactive_timeout=120
  61. wait_timeout=120
  63. skip-name-resolve
  64. #master-connect-retry=10
  65. slave-skip-errors=1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
  67. #master-host=192.168.1.1
  68. #master-user=username
  69. #master-password=password
  70. #master-port=3306
  72. server-id=1
  74. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=16M
  75. innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
  76. innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:256M:autoextend
  77. innodb_file_io_threads=4
  78. innodb_thread_concurrency=8
  79. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
  80. innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
  81. innodb_log_file_size=128M
  82. innodb_log_files_in_group=3
  83. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=90
  84. innodb_lock_wait_timeout=120
  85. innodb_file_per_table=0
  87. #log-slow-queries=/mysql/slow.log
  88. #long_query_time=10
  90. [mysqldump]
  91. quick
  92. max_allowed_packet=32M

管理mysql脚本:

  1. vim/mysql/mysqld
  3. #!/bin/sh
  4. mysql_port=3306
  5. mysql_username="admin"#帐号密码可以自行创建
  6. mysql_password="rootisnosafe"
  8. function_start_mysql()
  9. {
  10. printf"StartingMySQL...\n"
  11. /bin/sh/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe--defaults-file=/mysql/my.cnf2>&1>/dev/null&
  12. }
  14. function_stop_mysql()
  15. {
  16. printf"StopingMySQL...\n"
  17. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin-u${mysql_username}-p${mysql_password}-S/tmp/mysql.sockshutdown
  18. }
  20. function_restart_mysql()
  21. {
  22. printf"RestartingMySQL...\n"
  23. function_stop_mysql
  24. sleep5
  25. function_start_mysql
  26. }
  28. function_kill_mysql()
  29. {
  30. kill-9$(ps-ef|grep'bin/mysqld_safe'|grep${mysql_port}|awk'{printf$2}')
  31. kill-9$(ps-ef|grep'libexec/mysqld'|grep${mysql_port}|awk'{printf$2}')
  32. }
  34. if["$1"="start"];then
  35. function_start_mysql
  36. elif["$1"="stop"];then
  37. function_stop_mysql
  38. elif["$1"="restart"];then
  39. function_restart_mysql
  40. elif["$1"="kill"];then
  41. function_kill_mysql
  42. else
  43. printf"Usage:/mysql/mysqld{start|stop|restart|kill}\n"
  44. fi

赋予脚本执行权限:

chmod +x /mysql/mysqld

启动mysql:/mysql/mysqld start

命令行管理mysql:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

创建一个具有root权限的用户:admin,密码为rootisnosafe:

  1. GRANTALLPRIVILEGESON*.*TO'admin'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'rootisnosafe';
  2. GRANTALLPRIVILEGESON*.*TO'admin'@'127.0.0.1'IDENTIFIEDBY'rootisnosafe';

安装php:先安装libevent和libiconv:

  1. wgethttps://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz
  2. tarzxvflibevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz
  3. cdlibevent-1.4.14b-stable
  4. ./configure&&make&&makeinstall
  5. wgethttp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
  6. tarzxvflibiconv-1.14.tar.gz
  7. cdlibiconv-1.14
  8. ./configure
  9. make
  10. makeinstall
  11. ln-sf/usr/local/lib/libiconv.so.2/usr/lib/libiconv.so.2

现在安装php:

  1. wgethttp://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.0.tar.gz
  2. tarzxvfphp-5.4.0.tar.gz
  3. cdphp-5.4.0
  4. ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config--with-openssl--enable-fpm--enable-mbstring--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local
  5. makeZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'#因为-liconv的目录不是在/usr/local下所以安装时需要手动指定
  6. makeinstall

其中:

–with-mysql和–with-mysqli的路径是你mysql的具体所在的目录.

–enable-fpm 启动fpm,其他都是些基本选项,简单易懂.

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

修改配置文件:

  1. vim/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
  3. pm.max_children=50
  4. pm.start_servers=10
  5. pm.min_spare_servers=5
  6. pm.max_spare_servers=35

启动:/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &

检查是否正常启动:

  1. netstat-tunlp|grep9000
  2. tcp00127.0.0.1:90000.0.0.0:*LISTEN7826/php-fpm

将 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &加入到rc.local:

echo '/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &' >>/etc/rc.local

配置fastcgi_params 文件:

vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params

将内容替换为:

  1. fastcgi_paramGATEWAY_INTERFACECGI/1.1;
  2. fastcgi_paramSERVER_SOFTWAREnginx;
  3. fastcgi_paramQUERY_STRING$query_string;
  4. fastcgi_paramREQUEST_METHOD$request_method;
  5. fastcgi_paramCONTENT_TYPE$content_type;
  6. fastcgi_paramCONTENT_LENGTH$content_length;
  7. fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
  8. fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_NAME$fastcgi_script_name;
  9. fastcgi_paramREQUEST_URI$request_uri;
  10. fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_URI$document_uri;
  11. fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_ROOT$document_root;
  12. fastcgi_paramSERVER_PROTOCOL$server_protocol;
  13. fastcgi_paramREMOTE_ADDR$remote_addr;
  14. fastcgi_paramREMOTE_PORT$remote_port;
  15. fastcgi_paramSERVER_ADDR$server_addr;
  16. fastcgi_paramSERVER_PORT$server_port;
  17. fastcgi_paramSERVER_NAME$server_name;
  18. #PHPonly,requiredifPHPwasbuiltwith--enable-force-cgi-redirect
  19. fastcgi_paramREDIRECT_STATUS200;

最后修改nginx.conf配置文件:

  1. vim/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  2. location~\.php${
  3. root/www;
  4. fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
  5. fastcgi_indexindex.php;
  6. fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  7. includefastcgi_params;
  8. }
  10. location/{
  11. root/www;
  12. indexindex.phpindex.htmlindex.htm;
  13. }

保存退出,启动nginx:service nginxd start

编辑/www/index.php:

  1. <?php
  2. phpinfo();
  3. ?>
  4. //访问测试:testphp

测试数据库连接:编辑:/www/index.php

  1. <?php
  2. $link=mysql_connect("localhost","admin","rootisnosafe");
  3. if($link)echo"OK";
  4. elseecho"FAIL";
  5. ?>

刷新访问,如果出现OK字样,表示连接正常.

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编译安装LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)环境详解

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