linux中supportconfig安装与使用方法

由于工作原因,平时需要suse的工程师做二线技术支持,除了经常会提交kdump分析的结果给suse 工程师定位根因,而在没有kdump生成时,经常会用的指令就是supportconfig收集系统信息,其收集内容基本涵盖了内核、模块、系统、服务等几乎所有我们能想到的信息,另外还会出一份简单的health check报告,其除了适用于suse企业版外,同样在opensuse上也可以使用,本篇就结合现网使用的场景对supportconfig命令做一个简单的概括.

一、supportconfig的安装

可以通过yast进行安装,也可以通过zypper命令进行安装,安装命令如下.

直接使用源进行安装,代码如下:#zypper install supportutils

也可以将rpm包下载下来使用yast进行安装或者在yast的管理界面里查找安装:

#yast install supportutils-xxx.rpm

注:根据系统的版本不同,包名也可能是supportconfig.

安装完成后可以使用rpm -ql supportutils 查看包中具体包含的文件信息,如下:

1. #rpm-qlsupportutils
2. /etc/schealth.conf
3. /etc/supportconfig.conf
4. /sbin/chkbin
5. /sbin/supportconfig
6. /usr/bin/schealth
7. /usr/share/man/man5/supportconfig.conf.5.gz
8. /usr/share/man/man8/chkbin.8.gz
9. /usr/share/man/man8/supportconfig.8.gz

注:上面的结果是在 suse11 sp1企业版上的测试的结果,在opensuse 13上目录结构会略有不同,其上使用的是新版本的supportconfig.

二、supportconfig用法

以下是supportconfig的帮助输出,代码如下:

1. #supportconfig-h
2. =============================================================================
3. SupportUtilities-Supportconfig
4. ScriptVersion:2.25-197
5. ScriptDate:20100402
6. =============================================================================
7. Usage:supportconfig[OPTION[OPTION...]]
8. -hThisscreen
9. -AActivatesallsupportconfigfunctionswithadditionalloggingandfull
10. rpmverification.
11. -B<string>Customtarballfilenameelement
12. -CCreatesanewdefault/etc/supportconfig.conf
13. -DUsedefaults;ignore/etc/supportconfig.conf
14. -E<string>Contactemailaddress
15. -FDisplayavailablesupportconfigfeaturekeywords(case-sensitive)used
16. with-iand-x
17. -G<gpg_uid>TheGPGrecipient'suserIDusedtoencryptthesupportconfigtarball
18. -H<number>LimitnumberofincludedHAPolicyenginefiles
19. -I<number>Defaultlogfilelinecount
20. -LCreateafullfilelistingfrom'/'
21. -M<string>ContactterminalID
22. -N<string>Contactname
23. -O<string>Contactcompanyname
24. -P<string>Contactphonenumber
25. -QRuninsilentmode
26. -R<path>Logoutputdirectory
27. -S<number>LimitnumberofincludedSARfiles
28. -T<seconds>Binaryexecutiontimeout
29. -U<URIstring>SetsuploadtargetURLandinitiatesanupload,supported
30. servicesinclude:ftp,scp,http,https
31. -M<string>ContactstoreID
32. -X<number>Maxsystemlogslinecount
33. -aUploadthetarballtothespecifiedalternatetargetVAR_OPTION_UPLOAD_ALT
34. -bScreenbuffermode
35. -dExcludedetaileddiskinfoandscans
36. -eSearchrootfilesystemforeDirectoryinstances;-Limplied.Bepatient.
37. -fFromdirectory.Don'tcollectreportfiles,justusefilesinthat
38. directory.
39. -gUsegzipinsteadofthedefaultbzip2compression.
40. -i<keywordlist>
41. Includekeywords.Acommaseparatedlistoffeaturekeywordsthatspecify
42. whichfeaturestoinclude.Use-Ftoseealistofvalidkeywords.
43. -lGathersadditionalrotatedlogs
44. -mOnlygatheraminimumamountofinfo:basicenv,basichealth,hardware,
45. rpm,messages,y2logs
46. -oTogglelistedfeaturesonoroff
47. -pDisableallplugins
48. -qAddauuidtothetarballfilenametoensureuniqueness
49. -r<srnum>
50. IncludestheNovell11digitservicerequestnumberwhenuploading
51. thetarballtoNovell
52. -sIncludefullSLPservicelists
53. -tTargetdirectory.Justsavelogfileshere,donotcreatetarball.
54. -uUploadthetarballtothespecifiedVAR_OPTION_UPLOAD_TARGET.
55. -vPerformsanrpm-VforeachinstalledrpmNOTE:Thistakesalongtime
56. tocomplete
57. -x<keywordlist>
58. Excludekeywords.Acommaseparatedlistoffeaturekeywordsthatspecify
59. whichfeaturestoexclude.Use-Ftoseealistofvalidkeywords.
60. -yOnlygathertheminimumy2logfiles.
61. UseCtrl-totryandskipafunctionthatishanging.
62. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
63. NOTE:
64. Thistoolwillcreateatarballinthe/var/logdirectory.Pleaseattach
65. thelogfiletarballtoyouropenService.RequestatthefollowingURL:
66. https://secure-support.novell.com/eService_enu
67. IfyoucannotattachthetarballtotheSR,thenemailittotheengineer.
68. Pleasesubmitbugfixesorcommentsvia:
69. http://en.opensuse.org/Supportutils#Reporting_Bugs
70. =============================================================================
71. SupportUtilities-Supportconfig
72. ScriptVersion:2.25-197
73. ScriptDate:20100402
74. =============================================================================

默认supportconfig或supportconfig -A执行后会将收集后的结果打包为一个nts_主机名_日期.tbz 文件,同时会生成一个以该文件名加.md5后缀的文件.

三、supportconfig常用示例

1、supportconfig -A 收集所有日志,代码如下:

1. #supportconfig
2. =============================================================================
3. SupportUtilities-Supportconfig
4. ScriptVersion:2.25-290
5. ScriptDate:20110714
6. =============================================================================
7. Gatheringsysteminformation
8. DataDirectory:/var/log/nts_361way.com_140825_1504
9. BasicServerHealthCheck...Done
10. RPMDatabase...Done
11. BasicEnvironment...Done
12. BasicHealthReport...Done
13. SystemModules...Done
14. MemoryDetails...Done
15. DiskI/O...Done
16. YaSTFiles...Done
17. Auditing...Done
18. CrashInfo...Done
19. NTP...Done
20. PROC...Done
21. BootFiles...Done
22. SLERT...Skipped
23. Updates...Done
24. SMT...Skipped
25. NovelleDirectory...PleaseWait...Skipped
26. NovellLUM...Skipped
27. NovellNCP...Skipped
28. NovellNSS...Skipped
29. NovellDFS...Skipped
30. NovellSMS...Skipped
31. NovellNCS...Skipped
32. NovellAFP...Skipped
33. NovellCIFS...Skipped
34. NovelliManager...Skipped
35. HACluster...Skipped
36. OCFS2...Skipped
37. DRBD...Skipped
38. PAM...Done
39. LDAP...Done
40. CIMOM...Done
41. OpenFiles...Done
42. Environment...Done
43. ETC...Done
44. SYSCONFIG...Done
45. SYSFS...Done
46. SystemDaemons...Done
47. CRON...Done
48. AT...Done
49. UDEV...Done
50. LVM...PleaseWait...BaseDetailDone
51. EVMS...Skipped
52. SoftwareRaid...Done
53. Multipathing...Done
54. Networking...Done
55. Web...Done
56. InfiniBand...Done
57. DNS...Done
58. DHCP...Done
59. SLP...Done
60. SSH...Done
61. iSCSI...Done
62. Samba...Done
63. NFS...Done
64. AUTOFS...Done
65. SARFiles...Done
66. AppArmor...Done
67. Xen...Done
68. KVM...Done
69. X...Done
70. Printing...Done
71. SMARTDisks...Excluded
72. Hardware...PleaseWait...Done
73. FileSystemList...Skipped
74. SupportabilityAnalysis...PleaseWait...Done
75. SystemLogs...Done
76. CreatingTarBall
77. ==[DONE]===================================================================
78. Logfiletarball:/var/log/nts_361way.com_140825_1504.tbz
79. Logfilesize:4.0M
80. Logfilemd5sum:484b111cda54ca04419facd82a1da7d7
81. PleaseattachthelogfiletarballtoyouropenServiceRequestatthe
82. followingURL:
83. https://secure-support.novell.com/eService_enu
84. Youcanalsouploadthetarballtoftp.novell.com/incoming,orjustuse
85. supportconfig-ur<srnum>,touploadthetarballautomatically.
86. IfyoucannotattachthetarballtotheSR,thenemailittotheengineer.
87. =============================================================================

其他常用用法:

1. //以最小选项搜集所需的信息
2. #supportconfig-m
3. //在输出中包含附加的联系人信息
4. #supportconfig-Etux@example.org-N"TuxPenguin"-O"PenguinInc."...
5. //要查看完整的功能列表
6. #supportconfig-F
7. //仅收集某个模块的用法，如LVM相的信息
8. #supportconfig-iLVM
9. //-x的功能与-i刚好相反，是排除某个模块不收集
10. #supportconfig-xLVM
11. //使用-Uurl可以将收集的结果上传到服务器上，直接的服务有ftp,scp,http,https,如：
12. #supportconfig-A-Uhttp://www.361way.com/files/

具体可以参看官方的常用的supportconfig选项部分,supportconfig收集的系统健康报告,代码如下:

1. #supportconfig-A
2. #cd/var/log
3. #tarjxvfnts_361way.com_140825_1504.tbz
4. #morebasic-health-report.txt
5. #==[Command]======================================#
6. #/usr/bin/schealth-q
7. ######################################################################
8. SupportconfigHealthCheckReportToolv1.00-5
9. DateChecked:09/12/1404:40:37
10. ######################################################################
11. HealthCheckFiles[Green]
12. ProcessesWaitingforRunQueue[Green]
13. KernelTaintStatus[Red]
14. KernelTainted:64>0
15. CPUUtilization[Green]
16. InterruptsPerSecond[Green]
17. ContextSwitchesPerSecond[Green]
18. FreeMemoryandDiskSwapping[Green]
19. UsedDiskSpace[Green]
20. UninterruptibleProcesses[Green]
21. ZombieProcesses[Green]
22. ######################################################################
23. Status:RedFlag
24. Checked:/var/log/nts_361way.com_140825_1504/basic-health-check.txt
25. Report:/var/log/nts_361way.com_140825_1504/basic-health-report.txt
26. ######################################################################

上面的报告中,我们发现kernel Tainted 状态为red,该处是通过cat /proc/sys/kernel/tainted 进行判断的,如果值不为0,则是内核受到污染,显的值不同，具体可以参看/usr/src/linux/Documentation/sysctl/kernel 文件,具体的值不一样，代表的意义也不一样,64报红是由于加载了非系统官方或非开源的模块所致,Unsupported modules loaded.

四、supportconfig配置文件

supportconfig的默认配置文件是 /etc/supportconfig.conf,其默认内容如下:

1. #cat/etc/supportconfig.conf
2. ####################################
3. #DefaultOptions
4. ####################################
5. OPTION_AFP=1
6. OPTION_APPARMOR=1
7. OPTION_AUDIT=1
8. OPTION_AUTOFS=1
9. OPTION_BOOT=1
10. OPTION_CHKCONFIG=1
11. OPTION_CIFS=1
12. OPTION_CIMOM=1
13. OPTION_CRASH=1
14. OPTION_CRON=1
15. OPTION_DFS=1
16. OPTION_DHCP=1
17. OPTION_DISK=1
18. OPTION_DNS=1
19. OPTION_EDIR=1
20. OPTION_ENV=1
21. OPTION_ETC=1
22. OPTION_EVMS=1
23. OPTION_HA=1
24. OPTION_HCREPORT=1
25. OPTION_IB=1
26. OPTION_ISCSI=1
27. OPTION_LDAP=1
28. OPTION_LUM=1
29. OPTION_LVM=1
30. OPTION_MEM=1
31. OPTION_MOD=1
32. OPTION_MPIO=1
33. OPTION_NCP=1
34. OPTION_NCS=1
35. OPTION_NET=1
36. OPTION_NFS=1
37. OPTION_NSS=1
38. OPTION_NTP=1
39. OPTION_OCFS2=1
40. OPTION_OFILES=1
41. OPTION_PAM=1
42. OPTION_PRINT=1
43. OPTION_PROC=1
44. OPTION_SAM=1
45. OPTION_SAR=1
46. OPTION_SLERT=1
47. OPTION_SLP=1
48. OPTION_SMART=0
49. OPTION_SMB=1
50. OPTION_SMS=1
51. OPTION_SMT=1
52. OPTION_SRAID=1
53. OPTION_SSH=1
54. OPTION_SYSCONFIG=1
55. OPTION_SYSFS=1
56. OPTION_UDEV=1
57. OPTION_UP=1
58. OPTION_UPD=1
59. OPTION_WEB=1
60. OPTION_X=1
61. OPTION_XEN=1
62. ADD_OPTION_EDIR=0
63. ADD_OPTION_FSLIST=0
64. ADD_OPTION_LOGS=0
65. ADD_OPTION_MINDISK=0
66. ADD_OPTION_MINYAST=0
67. ADD_OPTION_RPMV=0
68. ADD_OPTION_SLP=0
69. VAR_OPTION_BIN_TIMEOUT_SEC=300
70. VAR_OPTION_CONTACT_COMPANY=""
71. VAR_OPTION_CONTACT_EMAIL=""
72. VAR_OPTION_CONTACT_NAME=""
73. VAR_OPTION_CONTACT_PHONE=""
74. VAR_OPTION_CONTACT_STOREID=""
75. VAR_OPTION_CONTACT_TERMINALID=""
76. VAR_OPTION_CUSTOM_ARCH=""
77. VAR_OPTION_GPG_UID=""
78. VAR_OPTION_LINE_COUNT=500
79. VAR_OPTION_LOG_DIRS="/var/log/tmp"
80. VAR_OPTION_MSG_MAXSIZE=500000
81. VAR_OPTION_PENGINE_FILES_LIMIT=250
82. VAR_OPTION_SAR_FILES_LIMIT=30
83. VAR_OPTION_SBM=0
84. VAR_OPTION_SILENT=0 //phpfensi.com
85. VAR_OPTION_UNIQUE_FILE=0
86. VAR_OPTION_UPLOAD_ALT='https://secure-www.novell.com/upload?appname=supportconfig&file={tarball}'
87. VAR_OPTION_UPLOAD_TARGET='ftp://ftp.novell.com/incoming'

配置文件中列出了默认收集的模块信息,公司信息、邮件、电话及上传的服务器目录等.

五、supportconfig总结

supportconfig是使用shell 编写的一个功能十分强大的工具,具体可以通过vim /sbin/supportconfig 查看,同时,由于linux命令上的通用性,我们甚至可以很简单的进行修改后将其移植到其他linux 发行版上,不过显然这是没必要的,因为还有一个比较通的用的开源工具sosreport和其作用差不多,而其适用性更强,后面会单独列一篇做一个总结.