lnmp环境配置之安装配置Nginx与PHP教程

lnmp环境中nginx与php是一个重头戏了,很多朋友在配置这一步时都要折腾很多,在此小编也同样是折腾了,下面我整理了一篇lnmp环境中安装配置Nginx与PHP教程,希望例子可以帮助到大家.

安装Nginx的方式有很多种,这里我们还是编译源码进行安装,使用下列命令:

1. $wgethttp://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
2. $tar-zxvfnginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
3. $cdnginx-1.6.2
4. $./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx
5. $make
6. $sudomakeinstall

如果安装过程中出现如下错误:

1. ./configure:error:theHTTPrewritemodulerequiresthePCRElibrary.
2. Youcaneitherdisablethemodulebyusing--without-http_rewrite_module
3. option,orinstallthePCRElibraryintothesystem,orbuildthePCRElibrary
4. staticallyfromthesourcewithnginxbyusing--with-pcre=<path>option.

则需要先安装pcre:

$ sudo yum install pcre-devel

安装完成之后,我们的Nginx安装目录在/usr/local/nginx,接下来修改nginx的配置文件(/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf),使其能够处理php脚本.

1. worker_processes1;
2. events{
3. worker_connections1024;
4. }
5. http{
6. includemime.types;
7. default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
8. sendfileon;
9. keepalive_timeout65;
10. server{
11. listen80;
12. server_name_;
13. root/vagrant;
14. location/{
15. indexindex.htmlindex.htmindex.php;
16. }
17. location/demo{
18. indexindex.php;
19. if(!-e$request_filename){
20. rewrite^/demo/(.*)$/demo/index.php?$1last;
21. break;
22. }
23. }
24. error_page500502503504/50x.html;
25. location=/50x.html{
26. roothtml;
27. }
28. location~＼.php${
29. fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
30. fastcgi_indexindex.php;
31. fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
32. includefastcgi_params;
33. }
34. }
35. }

最后,启动Nginx时,需要先启动PHP-FPM.

1. $sudo/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
2. $sudo/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

对于Nginx的重启以及关闭操作,可以使用以下命令.

$ sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s [reload|restart|stop]

而PHP-FPM,则麻烦一点,需要先使用ps -ef|grep php-fpm获取master process的进程ID,再使用kill -USR2:

1. $ps-ef|grepphp-fpm
2. root62211002:17?00:00:00php-fpm:masterprocess(/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)
3. nobody62226221002:17?00:00:00php-fpm:poolwww
4. nobody62236221002:17?00:00:00php-fpm:poolwww
5. vagrant62331623002:18pts/000:00:00grepphp-fpm
6. $sudokill-USR26221

注意:-USR2参数为重启,-INT参数为关闭.

创建虚拟主机:

1. [root@os11728httpd-2.2.22]#vi/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/www_finet230_cn.conf

内容如下:

1. server{
2. listen8080;
3. server_nameng.fine230.cnfinet85.cn;
5. root/var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn;
7. #激活/关闭自动索引
8. autoindexon;
10. #设定索引时文件大小的单位(B,KB,MB或GB)
11. #默认为on，显示出文件的确切大小，单位是bytes。
12. #改为off后，显示出文件的大概大小，单位是kB或者MB或者GB
13. autoindex_exact_sizeoff;
15. #开启以本地时间来显示文件时间的功能。默认为关（GMT时间）
16. #默认为off，显示的文件时间为GMT时间。
17. #改为on后，显示的文件时间为文件的服务器时间
18. autoindex_localtimeon;
20. #charsetkoi8-r;
22. location/{
23. indexindex.htmlindex.htmindex.php;
24. }
26. #error_page404/404.html;
28. #redirectservererrorpagestothestaticpage/50x.html
29. #
30. error_page500502503504/50x.html;
31. location=/50x.html{
32. root/var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn;
33. }
35. #proxythePHPscriptstoApachelisteningon127.0.0.1:80
36. #
37. #location~＼.php${
38. #proxy_passhttp://127.0.0.1;
39. #}
41. #passthePHPscriptstoFastCGIserverlisteningon127.0.0.1:9000
42. #
43. #location~＼.php${
44. #roothtml;
45. #fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
46. #fastcgi_indexindex.php;
47. #fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
48. #includefastcgi_params;
49. #}
51. #denyaccessto.htaccessfiles,ifApache’sdocumentroot
52. #concurswithnginx’sone
53. #
54. #location~/＼.ht{
55. #denyall;
56. #}
58. #将客户端的请求转交给fastcgi
59. location~.*＼.(php|php5|shtml)?${
60. #roothtml;
61. fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;#这里指定了fastcgi进程侦听的端口,nginx就是通过这里与php交互的
62. fastcgi_indexindex.php;
63. fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
64. includefastcgi_params;
65. }
67. #网站的图片较多，更改较少，将它们在浏览器本地缓存30天
68. location~.*＼.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
69. {
70. expires30d;
71. }
73. #网站会加载很多JS、CSS，将它们在浏览器本地缓存1小时
74. location~.*＼.(js|css)?$
75. {
76. expires1h;
77. }
79. }
82. #anothervirtualhostusingmixofIP-,name-,andport-basedconfiguration
83. #
84. #server{
85. #listen8000;
86. #listensomename:8080;
87. #server_namesomenamealiasanother.alias;
89. #location/{
90. #roothtml;
91. #indexindex.htmlindex.htm;
92. #}
93. #}
96. #HTTPSserver
97. #
98. #server{
99. #listen443;
100. #server_namelocalhost;
102. #sslon;
103. #ssl_certificatecert.pem;
104. #ssl_certificate_keycert.key;
106. #ssl_session_timeout5m;
108. #ssl_protocolsSSLv2SSLv3TLSv1;
109. #ssl_ciphersHIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
110. #ssl_prefer_server_cipherson;
112. #location/{
113. #roothtml;
114. #indexindex.htmlindex.htm;
115. #}//phpfensi.com
116. #}
118. server
119. {
120. listen8080;
121. server_namestatus.ng.finet230.cn;
123. location/{
124. stub_statuson;
125. access_logoff;
126. }
127. }

将/var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn目录下的所有档案与子目录的拥有者皆设为www群体的使用者www:

[root@os11728 ~]# chown -R www:www /var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn

1.5.Nginx的启动与关闭

启动Nginx:

1. [root@os11728~]#ulimit-SHn65535
2. root@os11728~]#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

停止Nginx:

1. [root@os11728~]#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-sstop
2. //或
3. [root@os11728~]#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-squit

重启Nginx:

1. [root@os11728~]#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-sreload
2. //或
3. [root@os11728~]#kill-HUP`cat/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP,代码如下:

[root@os11728 ~]# vi /etc/rc.local

在末尾增加以下内容:

1. ulimit-SHn65535
2. /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
3. /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx